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Assignment for next time

1) Use your blog for instant reflections of each argument (marked with =>)
2) React to other's blogs by means of:
Support: "X's argument is also supported by..."
Elaboration: "I agree with X's post, but one could also think of..."
Opposition: "I don't think X's argument holds, because..."

Core terms

• Representation
• Extension
• Dualism
• Holism

Starting point: Digital representation of the world

There is a digital representation (=model) for every imaginable phenomenon:
• alphabets
• numbers (of different formats)
• images
• moving images
• sounds
• spaces
Digital representation allows handling the digital representation instead of the actual matter.
ideas.
The digital world model is a revolutionary phase in the human evolution, establishing the species of homo representans digitalis.
=> Counterarguments, support, further development, comments?

Evolutionism

• Evolutionism, initiated by the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin
=> How homo representans digitalis (the digitally epresenting man) can have developed from earlier species?

Extended body

Clothing as technology to extend the skin (Marshall McLuhan Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man, 1964)
External representation: Tools represent us
Apes use tools as extensions of their hands.
• Chimps' tool kit (Trivedi 2004)
• Tomasello & Call (1997) Primate Cognition See page 72
Built-in technology: Cyborgs (Clynes and Kline 1960,
The cyborg experiments: the extensions of the body in the media age (Zylinska 2002)
Marsh 2003).
Are we cyborgs? Is there a difference between cyborgs and the technologically extended body?
=> Reflections, comments?

Extended mind

Marshall McLuhan
• Gutenberg man, the man whose consciousness has been changed by the printed book (McLuhan 1964)

The more the consciousness of man must have changed with digital representation.
What would change if we could install a computer under the skin and connect it with the brain?
=>Counteraguments, comments?

Represented body

• Central nervous system, technological simulation of consciousness (McLuhan 1964.)
• Extending inwards = representing
Cortex as the representing tool in the brain (Chapter 2).
• Examples of cortical representation
• Somatotopies
• Tonotopies
=>

Represented world

How homo became sapiens? (Peter Gärdenfors 2003): Ability to represent without direct perception as a defining characteristic of homo sapiens.
• Stages of development of the brain
What difference does it make to be able to extend the representation to paper or digital means?
=> Reflect

Extended mind

Andy Clark (2009). Supersizing the mind: Embodiment, action and cognitive extension
Mind does not reside only inside the brain, but even technological extensions of mind are part of mind.
• Other writings on the Extended mind

Socially extended body

• Housing as collective skin (McLuhan 1964)
=> Counterarguments? Comments?

Socially extended mind

• Social [knowledge] building as creative process of knowing will be collectively extended to the whole of human society (McLuhan 1964)
Holds for today's social and community media. e.g.:
• Facebook
• Twitter
• Social constructivism
• Electronic mass media collapse space and time barriers in human communication, enabling people to interact and live on a global scale (McLuhan; 1962 Gutenberg galaxy)
• "The new electronic interdependence recreates the world in the image of a global village." (McLuhan 1966)

Holistic view

Opposes the view that mind, body and technology are separate but interact.
Holistic view: The body, mind and the technological extensions as one and the same system?
=> What does interaction mean then?